Steven W. Lockley, Ph.D.
Co-Founder & Chief Scientist
Dr. Lockley is a world-renowned specialist in ways to reset the circadian clock using light or melatonin and its agonists, the only known ways to phase shift circadian rhythms in humans. He has studied the effects of light on the circadian pacemaker extensively including the role of light wavelength, timing, duration and pattern. This work has led to development of ‘smart’ lighting applications designed to improve alertness, safety and productivity in architectural and clinical applications, and he was one of the leading scientists in the development and application of new lighting systems for the International Space Station.
Dr. Lockley has also made major discoveries in the use of melatonin and its agonists to reset circadian rhythms. He was the first person to show that daily melatonin treatment could synchronize the circadian clock of blind people suffering from non-24-hour sleep-wake disorder, which inspired the development of tasimelteon (Hetlioz) for use as a circadian synchronizer in the blind. Dr Lockley led the resulting clinical trials, and tasimelteon was approved by the FDA as the world’s first drug in a new class of therapies that treat circadian sleep disorders by resetting the circadian clock.
Dr. Lockley has also extensive experience in studying shiftwork and how to manage it. He has led multiple trials to test interventions to reduce workplace errors and injury, and to measure the impact of circadian disruption, long work hours, sleepiness and sleep disorders on performance and health, including in doctors, nurses, police, firefighters, and industry. His clinical trials have been able to demonstrate a significant impact in important real-world outcomes, including reducing medical errors by 30-36% in US and UK doctors; a 33% reduction in serious medical errors in ICU nurses; a 47% reduction in long-term disability days in firefighters, and a 43% reduction in falls in care home residents.
Dr. Lockley is a highly productive scientist, and has published over 200 original scientific papers, reports, reviews, chapters and editorials, as well as co-editing the first textbook on sleep and health ‘Sleep, health and society: From Aetiology to Public Health’ and co-authoring ‘Sleep: A Very Short Introduction’ from Oxford University Press. His work has been widely reported in numerous press articles including in National Geographic, Time magazine, BBC, New York Times, Wall Street Journal, Financial Times, New Yorker, Scientific American and many others. His research has been funded by NASA and the National Institutes of Health (NIH) among others andhe has won a number of awards including the NASA Johnston Space Center Director's Innovation Team Award (as part of the ISS Flexible Lighting Team).
Articles
Publications
- The predictive role of daily emotional dynamics in depression, anxiety, and academic performance: A longitudinal study in adolescents.
Sun T, Stone JE, Chachos E, Hand AJ, Artiach Hortelano P, Lewis N, Lockley SW, Lu S, Bei B, Rajaratnam SMW, Wiley JF.
J Affect Disord. 2026 Apr 15;399:121147.
PubMed - Relationship Between Urinary 6-Sulfatoxymelatonin Rhythms and the Bone Resorption Marker Amino-Terminal Cross-Linked Telopeptide of Collagen I in Blind Women.
St Hilaire MA, Flynn-Evans EE, Rahman SA, Higginbotham S, Witt-Enderby P, Lockley SW.
J Pineal Res. 2025 Sep;77(5):e70079.
PubMed - Post infectious fatigue and circadian rhythm disruption in long-COVID and other infections: a need for further research.
Livieratos A, Lockley SW, Tsiodras S.
EClinicalMedicine. 2025 Jan 18;80:103073.
PubMed - A Protocol to Determine Circadian Phase by At-Home Salivary Dim Light Melatonin Onset Assessment.
Murray JM, Stone JE, Abbott SM, Bjorvatn B, Burgess HJ, Cajochen C, Dekker JJ, Duffy JF, Epstein LJ, Garbazza C, Harsh J, Klerman EB, Lane JM, Lockley SW, Pavlova MK, Quan SF, Reid KJ, Scheer FAJL, Sletten TL, Wright KP Jr, Zee PC, Phillips AJK, Czeisler CA, Rajaratnam SMW.
J Pineal Res. 2024 Aug;76(5):e12994.
PubMed - Greater sensitivity of the circadian system of women to bright light, but not dim-to-moderate light.
Vidafar P, McGlashan EM, Burns AC, Anderson C, Shechter A, Lockley SW, Phillips AJK, Cain SW.
J Pineal Res. 2024 Mar;76(2):e12936.
PubMed - Higher central circadian temperature amplitude is associated with greater metabolite rhythmicity in humans.
Windred DP, Anderson C, Jeppe KJ, Ftouni S, Grant LK, Nijagal B, Rajaratnam SMW, McConville M, Tull D, Lockley SW, Cain SW, Phillips AJK.
Sci Rep. 2024 Jul 22;14(1):16796.
PubMed - The effect of a dynamic lighting schedule on neurobehavioral performance during a 45-day simulated space mission.
Grant LK, Kent BA, Rahman SA, St Hilaire MA, Kirkley CL, Gregory KB, Clark T, Hanifin JP, Barger LK, Czeisler CA, Brainard GC, Lockley SW, Flynn-Evans EE.
Sleep Adv. 2024 May 30;5(1):zpae032.
PubMed - Accurate detection of acute sleep deprivation using a metabolomic biomarker—A machine learning approach.
Jeppe K, Ftouni S, Nijagal B, Grant LK, Lockley SW, Rajaratnam SMW, Phillips AJK, McConville MJ, Tull D, Anderson C.
Sci Adv. 2024 Mar 8;10(10):eadj6834.
PubMed - Effects of caffeine and blue-enriched light on spare visual attention during simulated space teleoperation.
Liu AM, Galvan-Garza RC, Flynn-Evans EE, Rueger M, Natapoff A, Lockley SW, Oman CM.
NPJ Microgravity. 2023 Dec 19;9(1):94.
PubMed - Effectiveness of caffeine and blue-enriched light on cognitive performance and electroencephalography correlates of alertness in a spaceflight robotics simulation.
Flynn-Evans EE, Rueger M, Liu AM, Galvan-Garza RC, Natapoff A, Oman CM, Lockley SW.
NPJ Microgravity. 2023 Dec 19;9(1):93.
PubMed - Predicting neurobehavioral performance of resident physicians in a Randomized Order Safety Trial Evaluating Resident-Physician Schedules (ROSTERS).
Phillips AJK, St Hilaire MA, Barger LK, O'Brien CS, Rahman SA, Landrigan CP, Lockley SW, Czeisler CA, Klerman EB.
Sleep Health. 2024 Feb;10(1S):S25-S33.
PubMed - Entrainment to gradual vs. immediate 8-hour phase advance shifts with and without short-wavelength enriched polychromatic green light.
Chang AM, Anderson C, Cain SW, Reichenberger DA, Ronda JM, Lockley SW, Czeisler CA.
Sleep Health. 2024 Feb;10(1S):S67-S75.
PubMed - Circadian adaptation to night shift work is associated with higher REM sleep duration.
Zimberg IZ, Ftouni S, Magee M, Ferguson SA, Lockley SW, Rajaratnam SMW, Sletten TL.
Sleep Health. 2024 Feb;10(1S):S112-S120.
PubMed - A pilot study of light exposure as a countermeasure for menstrual phase-dependent neurobehavioral performance impairment in women.
Grant LK, Gooley JJ, St Hilaire MA, Joffe H, Brainard GC, Van Reen E, Rüger M, Rajaratnam SMW, Lockley SW, Czeisler CA, Rahman SA.
Sleep Health. 2024 Feb;10(1S):S34-S40.
PubMed - Age-related changes in circadian regulation of the human plasma lipidome.
Rahman SA, Gathungu RM, Marur VR, St Hilaire MA, Scheuermaier K, Belenky M, Struble JS, Czeisler CA, Lockley SW, Klerman EB, Duffy JF, Kristal BS.
Commun Biol. 2023 Jul 20;6(1):756.
PubMed - S-Cone Photoreceptors Regulate Daily Rhythms and Light-Induced Arousal/Wakefulness in Diurnal Grass Rats (Arvicanthis niloticus).
Kim AB, Beaver EM, Collins SG, Kriegsfeld LJ, Lockley SW, Wong KY, Yan L.
J Biol Rhythms. 2023 Aug;38(4):366-378.
PubMed - Supplementation of ambient lighting with a task lamp improves daytime alertness and cognitive performance in sleep-restricted individuals.
Grant LK, Crosthwaite PC, Mayer MD, Wang W, Stickgold R, St Hilaire MA, Lockley SW, Rahman SA.
Sleep. 2023 Aug 14;46(8):zsad096.
PubMed - The spectral sensitivity of human circadian phase resetting and melatonin suppression to light changes dynamically with light duration.
St Hilaire MA, Ámundadóttir ML, Rahman SA, Rajaratnam SMW, Rüger M, Brainard GC, Czeisler CA, Andersen M, Gooley JJ, Lockley SW.
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2022 Dec 20;119(51):e2205301119.
PubMed - Measuring Urinary 6-Sulphatoxymelatonin in Humans.
St Hilaire MA, Lockley SW.
Methods Mol Biol. 2022;2550:21-28.
PubMed - Measuring Dim Light Melatonin Onset in Humans.
St Hilaire MA, Lockley SW.
Methods Mol Biol. 2022;2550:13-20.
PubMed - Circadian rhythms and disorders of the timing of sleep.
Meyer N, Harvey AG, Lockley SW, Dijk DJ.
Lancet. 2022 Sep 24;400(10357):1061-1078.
PubMed - Effects of dynamic lighting on circadian phase, self-reported sleep and performance during a 45-day space analog mission with chronic variable sleep deficiency.
Rahman SA, Kent BA, Grant LK, Clark T, Hanifin JP, Barger LK, Czeisler CA, Brainard GC, St Hilaire MA, Lockley SW.
J Pineal Res. 2022 Nov;73(4):e12826.
PubMed - Impact of Upgraded Lighting on Falls in Care Home Residents.
Grant LK, St Hilaire MA, Heller JP, Heller RA, Lockley SW, Rahman SA.
J Am Med Dir Assoc. 2022 Oct;23(10):1698-1704.e2.
PubMed - The role of circadian phase in sleep and performance during Antarctic winter expeditions.
Sletten TL, Sullivan JP, Arendt J, Palinkas LA, Barger LK, Fletcher L, Arnold M, Wallace J, Strauss C, Baker RJS, Kloza K, Kennaway DJ, Rajaratnam SMW, Ayton J, Lockley SW.
J Pineal Res. 2022 Sep;73(2):e12817.
PubMed - The CLASS Study (Circadian Light in Adolescence, Sleep and School): protocol for a prospective, longitudinal cohort to assess sleep, light, circadian timing and academic performance in adolescence.
Stone JE, Wiley J, Chachos E, Hand AJ, Lu S, Raniti M, Klerman E, Lockley SW, Carskadon MA, Phillips AJK, Bei B, Rajaratnam SMW.
BMJ Open. 2022 May 10;12(5):e055716.
PubMed - Invited Commentary: There's No Place Like Home—Integrating a Place-Based Approach to Understanding Sleep.
Hauptman M, Lockley SW, Landrigan CP.
Am J Epidemiol. 2022 Aug 22;191(9):1540-1543.
PubMed - Dynamic lighting schedules to facilitate circadian adaptation to shifted timing of sleep and wake.
Rahman SA, St Hilaire MA, Grant LK, Barger LK, Brainard GC, Czeisler CA, Klerman EB, Lockley SW.
J Pineal Res. 2022 Aug;73(1):e12805.
PubMed - Publisher Correction: Circadian lipid and hepatic protein rhythms shift with a phase response curve different than melatonin.
Kent BA, Rahman SA, St Hilaire MA, Grant LK, Rüger M, Czeisler CA, Lockley SW.
Nat Commun. 2022 Apr 20;13(1):2241.
PubMed - Recommendations for daytime, evening, and nighttime indoor light exposure to best support physiology, sleep, and wakefulness in healthy adults.
Brown TM, Brainard GC, Cajochen C, Czeisler CA, Hanifin JP, Lockley SW, Lucas RJ, Münch M, O'Hagan JB, Peirson SN, Price LLA, Roenneberg T, Schlangen LJM, Skene DJ, Spitschan M, Vetter C, Zee PC, Wright KP Jr.
PLoS Biol. 2022 Mar 17;20(3):e3001571.
PubMed - Circadian lipid and hepatic protein rhythms shift with a phase response curve different than melatonin.
Kent BA, Rahman SA, St Hilaire MA, Grant LK, Rüger M, Czeisler CA, Lockley SW.
Nat Commun. 2022 Feb 3;13(1):681.
PubMed - The effectiveness of an individualized sleep and shift work education and coaching program to manage shift work disorder in nurses: a randomized controlled trial.
Booker LA, Sletten TL, Barnes M, Alvaro P, Collins A, Chai-Coetzer CL, McMahon M, Lockley SW, Rajaratnam SMW, Howard ME.
J Clin Sleep Med. 2022 Apr 1;18(4):1035-1045.
PubMed - Development of a Home-Based Light Therapy for Fatigue Following Traumatic Brain Injury: Two Case Studies.
Connolly LJ, Ponsford JL, Rajaratnam SMW, Lockley SW.
Front Neurol. 2021 Sep 13;12:651498.
PubMed - Bellagio II Report: Terrestrial Applications of Space Medicine Research.
Sides MB, Johnston SL 3rd, Sirek A, Lee PH, Blue RS, Antonsen EL, Basner M, Douglas GL, Epstein A, Flynn-Evans EE, Gallagher MB, Hayes J, Lee SMC, Lockley SW, Monseur B, Nelson NG, Sargsyan A, Smith SM, Stenger MB, Stepanek J, Zwart SR.
Aerosp Med Hum Perform. 2021 Aug 1;92(8):650-669.
PubMed - Factors Associated With Response to Pilot Home-Based Light Therapy for Fatigue Following Traumatic Brain Injury and Stroke.
Connolly LJ, Rajaratnam SMW, Spitz G, Lockley SW, Ponsford JL.
Front Neurol. 2021 Jul 15;12:651392.
PubMed - In-person vs home schooling during the COVID-19 pandemic: Differences in sleep, circadian timing, and mood in early adolescence.
Stone JE, Phillips AJK, Chachos E, Hand AJ, Lu S, Carskadon MA, Klerman EB, Lockley SW, Wiley JF, Bei B, Rajaratnam SMW.
J Pineal Res. 2021 Sep;71(2):e12757.
PubMed - Home-based light therapy for fatigue following acquired brain injury: a pilot randomized controlled trial.
Connolly LJ, Rajaratnam SMW, Murray JM, Spitz G, Lockley SW, Ponsford JL.
BMC Neurol. 2021 Jul 5;21(1):262.
PubMed - Endogenous circadian regulation and phase resetting of clinical metabolic biomarkers.
Grant LK, St Hilaire MA, Brainard GC, Czeisler CA, Lockley SW, Rahman SA.
J Pineal Res. 2021 Sep;71(2):e12752.
PubMed - Prediction of shiftworker alertness, sleep, and circadian phase using a model of arousal dynamics constrained by shift schedules and light exposure.
Knock SA, Magee M, Stone JE, Ganesan S, Mulhall MD, Lockley SW, Howard ME, Rajaratnam SMW, Sletten TL, Postnova S.
Sleep. 2021 Nov 12;44(11):zsab146.
PubMed - A Blue-Enriched, Increased Intensity Light Intervention to Improve Alertness and Performance in Rotating Night Shift Workers in an Operational Setting.
Sletten TL, Raman B, Magee M, Ferguson SA, Kennaway DJ, Grunstein RR, Lockley SW, Rajaratnam SMW.
Nat Sci Sleep. 2021 May 24;13:647-657.
PubMed - Light-based methods for predicting circadian phase in delayed sleep-wake phase disorder.
Murray JM, Magee M, Sletten TL, Gordon C, Lovato N, Ambani K, Bartlett DJ, Kennaway DJ, Lack LC, Grunstein RR, Lockley SW, Rajaratnam SMW, Phillips AJK.
Sci Rep. 2021 May 25;11(1):10878.
PubMed - Exploratory assessment of pineal gland volume, composition, and urinary 6-sulfatoxymelatonin levels on prostate cancer risk.
Bazzi LA, Sigurdardottir LG, Sigurdsson S, Valdimarsdottir U, Torfadottir J, Aspelund T, Czeisler CA, Lockley SW, Jonsson E, Launer L, Harris T, Gudnason V, Mucci LA, Markt SC.
Prostate. 2021 Jun;81(8):487-496.
PubMed - The impact of the wake maintenance zone on attentional capacity, physiological drowsiness, and subjective task demands during sleep deprivation.
McMahon WR, Ftouni S, Diep C, Collet J, Lockley SW, Rajaratnam SMW, Maruff P, Drummond SPA, Anderson C.
J Sleep Res. 2021 Oct;30(5):e13312.
PubMed - Spectral sensitivity of circadian phase resetting, melatonin suppression and acute alerting effects of intermittent light exposure.
Rahman SA, Brainard GC, Czeisler CA, Lockley SW.
Biochem Pharmacol. 2021 Sep;191:114504.
PubMed - Daytime Exposure to Short Wavelength-Enriched Light Improves Cognitive Performance in Sleep-Restricted College-Aged Adults.
Grant LK, Kent BA, Mayer MD, Stickgold R, Lockley SW, Rahman SA.
Front Neurol. 2021 Feb 22;12:624217.
PubMed - Extended Work Shifts and Neurobehavioral Performance in Resident-Physicians.
Rahman SA, Sullivan JP, Barger LK, St Hilaire MA, O'Brien CS, Stone KL, Phillips AJK, Klerman EB, Qadri S, Wright KP Jr, Halbower AC, Segar JL, McGuire JK, Vitiello MV, de la Iglesia HO, Poynter SE, Yu PL, Sanderson AL, Zee PC, Landrigan CP, Czeisler CA, Lockley SW.
Pediatrics. 2021 Mar;147(3):e2020009936.
PubMed - The Effect of Blue-Enriched Lighting on Medical Error Rate in a University Hospital ICU.
Chen Y, Broman AT, Priest G, Landrigan CP, Rahman SA, Lockley SW.
Jt Comm J Qual Patient Saf. 2021 Mar;47(3):165-175.
PubMed - Exposure to Short Wavelength-Enriched White Light and Exercise Improves Alertness and Performance in Operational NASA Flight Controllers Working Overnight Shifts.
Barger LK, Sullivan JP, Lockley SW, Czeisler CA.
J Occup Environ Med. 2021 Feb 1;63(2):111-118.
PubMed - Time-of-day and Meal Size Effects on Clinical Lipid Markers.
Grant LK, Czeisler CA, Lockley SW, Rahman SA.
J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2021 Mar 8;106(3):e1373-e1379.
PubMed - The impact of structured sleep schedules prior to an in-laboratory study: Individual differences in sleep and circadian timing.
McMahon WR, Ftouni S, Phillips AJK, Beatty C, Lockley SW, Rajaratnam SMW, Maruff P, Drummond SPA, Anderson C.
PLoS One. 2020 Aug 12;15(8):e0236566.
PubMed - A PERIOD3 variable number tandem repeat polymorphism modulates melatonin treatment response in delayed sleep-wake phase disorder.
Magee M, Sletten TL, Murray JM, Gordon CJ, Lovato N, Bartlett DJ, Kennaway DJ, Lockley SW, Lack LC, Grunstein RR, Archer SN, Rajaratnam SMW.
J Pineal Res. 2020 Nov;69(4):e12684.
PubMed - Modeling melanopsin-mediated effects of light on circadian phase, melatonin suppression, and subjective sleepiness.
Tekieh T, Lockley SW, Robinson PA, McCloskey S, Zobaer MS, Postnova S.
J Pineal Res. 2020 Oct;69(3):e12681.
PubMed - Effect on Patient Safety of a Resident Physician Schedule without 24-Hour Shifts.
Landrigan CP, Rahman SA, Sullivan JP, Vittinghoff E, Barger LK, Sanderson AL, Wright KP Jr, O'Brien CS, Qadri S, St Hilaire MA, Halbower AC, Segar JL, McGuire JK, Vitiello MV, de la Iglesia HO, Poynter SE, Yu PL, Zee PC, Lockley SW, Stone KL, Czeisler CA.
N Engl J Med. 2020 Jun 25;382(26):2514-2523.
PubMed - Journal of Pineal Research guideline for authors: Measuring melatonin in humans.
Lockley SW.
J Pineal Res. 2020 Sep;69(2):e12664.
PubMed - Manipulating sleep duration perception changes cognitive performance—An exploratory analysis.
Rahman SA, Rood D, Trent N, Solet J, Langer EJ, Lockley SW.
J Psychosom Res. 2020 May;132:109992.
PubMed - Characterizing the temporal Dynamics of Melatonin and Cortisol Changes in Response to Nocturnal Light Exposure.
Rahman SA, Wright KP Jr, Lockley SW, Czeisler CA, Gronfier C.
Sci Rep. 2019 Dec 23;9(1):19720.
PubMed - Light Me up? Why, When, and How Much Light We Need.
Vetter C, Phillips AJK, Silva A, Lockley SW, Glickman G.
J Biol Rhythms. 2019 Dec;34(6):573-575.
PubMed - Associations between shift work characteristics, shift work schedules, sleep and burnout in North American police officers: a cross-sectional study.
Peterson SA, Wolkow AP, Lockley SW, O'Brien CS, Qadri S, Sullivan JP, Czeisler CA, Rajaratnam SMW, Barger LK.
BMJ Open. 2019 Dec 1;9(11):e030302.
PubMed - Using a Single Daytime Performance Test to Identify Most Individuals at High-Risk for Performance Impairment during Extended Wake.
St Hilaire MA, Kristal BS, Rahman SA, Sullivan JP, Quackenbush J, Duffy JF, Barger LK, Gooley JJ, Czeisler CA, Lockley SW.
Sci Rep. 2019 Nov 13;9(1):16681.
PubMed - Menstrual phase-dependent differences in neurobehavioral performance: the role of temperature and the progesterone/estradiol ratio.
Grant LK, Gooley JJ, St Hilaire MA, Rajaratnam SMW, Brainard GC, Czeisler CA, Lockley SW, Rahman SA.
Sleep. 2020 Feb 13;43(2):zsz227.
PubMed - The role of sleep hygiene in the risk of Shift Work Disorder in nurses.
Booker LA, Barnes M, Alvaro P, Collins A, Chai-Coetzer CL, McMahon M, Lockley SW, Rajaratnam SMW, Howard ME, Sletten TL.
Sleep. 2020 Feb 13;43(2):zsz228.
PubMed - Classifying attentional vulnerability to total sleep deprivation using baseline features of Psychomotor Vigilance Test performance.
Chua EC, Sullivan JP, Duffy JF, Klerman EB, Lockley SW, Kristal BS, Czeisler CA, Gooley JJ.
Sci Rep. 2019 Aug 20;9(1):12102.
PubMed - Endogenous Circadian Regulation of Female Reproductive Hormones.
Rahman SA, Grant LK, Gooley JJ, Rajaratnam SMW, Czeisler CA, Lockley SW.
J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2019 Dec 1;104(12):6049-6059.
PubMed - Application of a Limit-Cycle Oscillator Model for Prediction of Circadian Phase in Rotating Night Shift Workers.
Stone JE, Aubert XL, Maass H, Phillips AJK, Magee M, Howard ME, Lockley SW, Rajaratnam SMW, Sletten TL.
Sci Rep. 2019 Jul 30;9(1):11032.
PubMed - Generalizability of A Neural Network Model for Circadian Phase Prediction in Real-World Conditions.
Stone JE, Phillips AJK, Ftouni S, Magee M, Howard M, Lockley SW, Sletten TL, Anderson C, Rajaratnam SMW, Postnova S.
Sci Rep. 2019 Jul 29;9(1):11001.
PubMed - How to Report Light Exposure in Human Chronobiology and Sleep Research Experiments.
Spitschan M, Stefani O, Blattner P, Gronfier C, Lockley SW, Lucas RJ.
Clocks Sleep. 2019 Jul 1;1(3):280-289.
PubMed - Exploring the associations between shift work disorder, depression, anxiety and sick leave taken amongst nurses.
Booker LA, Sletten TL, Alvaro PK, Barnes M, Collins A, Chai-Coetzer CL, Naqvi A, McMahon M, Lockley SW, Rajaratnam SMW, Howard ME.
J Sleep Res. 2020 Jun;29(3):e12872.
PubMed - Shift Work, Chronotype, and Melatonin Rhythm in Nurses.
Razavi P, Devore EE, Bajaj A, Lockley SW, Figueiro MG, Ricchiuti V, Gauderman WJ, Hankinson SE, Willett WC, Schernhammer ES.
Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev. 2019 Jul;28(7):1177-1186.
PubMed - High sensitivity and interindividual variability in the response of the human circadian system to evening light.
Phillips AJK, Vidafar P, Burns AC, McGlashan EM, Anderson C, Rajaratnam SMW, Lockley SW, Cain SW.
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2019 Jun 11;116(24):12019-12024.
PubMed - Sleep regularity is associated with sleep-wake and circadian timing, and mediates daytime function in Delayed Sleep-Wake Phase Disorder.
Murray JM, Phillips AJK, Magee M, Sletten TL, Gordon C, Lovato N, Bei B, Bartlett DJ, Kennaway DJ, Lack LC, Grunstein RR, Lockley SW, Rajaratnam SMW.
Sleep Med. 2019 Jun;58:93-101.
PubMed - Associations between sleep disturbances, mental health outcomes and burnout in firefighters, and the mediating role of sleep during overnight work: A cross-sectional study.
Wolkow AP, Barger LK, O'Brien CS, Sullivan JP, Qadri S, Lockley SW, Czeisler CA, Rajaratnam SMW.
J Sleep Res. 2019 Dec;28(6):e12869.
PubMed - Effects on resident work hours, sleep duration, and work experience in a randomized order safety trial evaluating resident-physician schedules (ROSTERS).
Barger LK, Sullivan JP, Blackwell T, O'Brien CS, St Hilaire MA, Rahman SA, Phillips AJK, Qadri S, Wright KP, Segar JL, McGuire JK, Vitiello MV, de la Iglesia HO, Poynter SE, Yu PL, Zee P, Sanderson AL, Halbower AC, Lockley SW, Landrigan CP, Stone KL, Czeisler CA.
Sleep. 2019 Aug 1;42(8):zsz110.
PubMed - Chronotype Genetic Variant in PER2 is Associated with Intrinsic Circadian Period in Humans.
Chang AM, Duffy JF, Buxton OM, Lane JM, Aeschbach D, Anderson C, Bjonnes AC, Cain SW, Cohen DA, Frayling TM, Gooley JJ, Jones SE, Klerman EB, Lockley SW, Munch M, Rajaratnam SMW, Rueger M, Rutter MK, Santhi N, Scheuermaier K, Van Reen E, Weedon MN, Czeisler CA, Scheer FAJL, Saxena R.
Sci Rep. 2019 Mar 29;9(1):5350.
PubMed - Design and recruitment of the randomized order safety trial evaluating resident-physician schedules (ROSTERS) study.
Blackwell T, Kriesel DR, Vittinghoff E, O'Brien CS, Sullivan JP, Viyaran NC, Rahman SA, Lockley SW, Barger LK, Halbower AC, Poynter SE, Wright KP Jr, Yu PL, Zee PC, Landrigan CP, Czeisler CA, Stone KL.
Contemp Clin Trials. 2019 May;80:22-33.
PubMed - Sleepiness and driving events in shift workers: the impact of circadian and homeostatic factors.
Mulhall MD, Sletten TL, Magee M, Stone JE, Ganesan S, Collins A, Anderson C, Lockley SW, Howard ME, Rajaratnam SMW.
Sleep. 2019 Jun 11;42(6):zsz074.
PubMed - The Impact of Shift Work on Sleep, Alertness and Performance in Healthcare Workers.
Ganesan S, Magee M, Stone JE, Mulhall MD, Collins A, Howard ME, Lockley SW, Rajaratnam SMW, Sletten TL.
Sci Rep. 2019 Mar 15;9(1):4635.
PubMed - Circadian and wake-dependent changes in human plasma polar metabolites during prolonged wakefulness: A preliminary analysis.
Grant LK, Ftouni S, Nijagal B, De Souza DP, Tull D, McConville MJ, Rajaratnam SMW, Lockley SW, Anderson C.
Sci Rep. 2019 Mar 14;9(1):4428.
PubMed - Brief (<4 hr) sleep episodes are insufficient for restoring performance in first-year resident physicians working overnight extended-duration work shifts.
St Hilaire MA, Anderson C, Anwar J, Sullivan JP, Cade BE, Flynn-Evans EE, Czeisler CA, Lockley SW.
Sleep. 2019 May 1;42(5):zsz041.
PubMed - Light modulates oscillatory alpha activity in the occipital cortex of totally visually blind individuals with intact non-image-forming photoreception.
Vandewalle G, van Ackeren MJ, Daneault V, Hull JT, Albouy G, Lepore F, Phillips C, Doyon J, Czeisler CA, Dumont M, Carrier J, Lockley SW, Collignon O.
Sci Rep. 2018 Nov 16;8(1):16968.
PubMed - Randomized trial of polychromatic blue-enriched light for circadian phase shifting, melatonin suppression, and alerting responses.
Hanifin JP, Lockley SW, Cecil K, West K, Jablonski M, Warfield B, James M, Ayers M, Byrne B, Gerner E, Pineda C, Rollag M, Brainard GC.
Physiol Behav. 2019 Jan 1;198:57-66.
PubMed - Increased sensitivity of the circadian system to light in delayed sleep-wake phase disorder.
Watson LA, Phillips AJK, Hosken IT, McGlashan EM, Anderson C, Lack LC, Lockley SW, Rajaratnam SMW, Cain SW.
J Physiol. 2018 Dec;596(24):6249-6261.
PubMed - Cross-sectional analysis of sleep-promoting and wake-promoting drug use on health, fatigue-related error, and near-crashes in police officers.
Ogeil RP, Barger LK, Lockley SW, O'Brien CS, Sullivan JP, Qadri S, Lubman DI, Czeisler CA, Rajaratnam SMW.
BMJ Open. 2018 Sep 19;8(9):e022041.
PubMed - The wake maintenance zone shows task dependent changes in cognitive function following one night without sleep.
McMahon WR, Ftouni S, Drummond SPA, Maruff P, Lockley SW, Rajaratnam SMW, Anderson C.
Sleep. 2018 Oct 1;41(10).
PubMed - Efficacy of melatonin with behavioural sleep-wake scheduling for delayed sleep-wake phase disorder: A double-blind, randomised clinical trial.
Sletten TL, Magee M, Murray JM, Gordon CJ, Lovato N, Kennaway DJ, Gwini SM, Bartlett DJ, Lockley SW, Lack LC, Grunstein RR, Rajaratnam SMW.
PLoS Med. 2018 Jun 18;15(6):e1002587.
PubMed - Increased vulnerability to attentional failure during acute sleep deprivation in women depends on menstrual phase.
Vidafar P, Gooley JJ, Burns AC, Rajaratnam SMW, Rueger M, Van Reen E, Czeisler CA, Lockley SW, Cain SW.
Sleep. 2018 Aug 1;41(8):zsy098.
PubMed - Functional decoupling of melatonin suppression and circadian phase resetting in humans.
Rahman SA, St Hilaire MA, Gronfier C, Chang AM, Santhi N, Czeisler CA, Klerman EB, Lockley SW.
J Physiol. 2018 Jun;596(11):2147-2157.
PubMed - Prediction of Cognitive Performance and Subjective Sleepiness Using a Model of Arousal Dynamics.
Postnova S, Lockley SW, Robinson PA.
J Biol Rhythms. 2018 Apr;33(2):203-218.
PubMed - Suppression of Melatonin Secretion in Totally Visually Blind People by Ocular Exposure to White Light: Clinical Characteristics.
Hull JT, Czeisler CA, Lockley SW.
Ophthalmology. 2018 Aug;125(8):1160-1171.
PubMed - Temporal dynamics of circadian phase shifting response to consecutive night shifts in healthcare workers: role of light-dark exposure.
Stone JE, Sletten TL, Magee M, Ganesan S, Mulhall MD, Collins A, Howard M, Lockley SW, Rajaratnam SMW.
J Physiol. 2018 Jun;596(12):2381-2395.
PubMed - A unified model of melatonin, 6-sulfatoxymelatonin, and sleep dynamics.
Abeysuriya RG, Lockley SW, Robinson PA, Postnova S.
J Pineal Res. 2018 May;64(4):e12474.
PubMed - Relationship between melatonin and bone resorption rhythms in premenopausal women.
St Hilaire MA, Rahman SA, Gooley JJ, Witt-Enderby PA, Lockley SW.
J Bone Miner Metab. 2019 Jan;37(1):60-71.
PubMed - Self-reported Drowsiness and Safety Outcomes While Driving After an Extended Duration Work Shift in Trainee Physicians.
Anderson C, Ftouni S, Ronda JM, Rajaratnam SMW, Czeisler CA, Lockley SW.
Sleep. 2018 Feb 1;41(2):zsx195.
PubMed
- Is 8:30 a.m. Still Too Early to Start School? A 10:00 a.m. School Start Time Improves Health and Performance of Students Aged 13-16.
Kelley P, Lockley SW, Kelley J, Evans MDR.
Front Hum Neurosci. 2017 Dec 8;11:588.
PubMed - Sleep patterns predictive of daytime challenging behavior in individuals with low-functioning autism.
Cohen S, Fulcher BD, Rajaratnam SMW, Conduit R, Sullivan JP, St Hilaire MA, Phillips AJK, Loddenkemper T, Kothare SV, McConnell K, Braga-Kenyon P, Ahearn W, Shlesinger A, Potter J, Bird F, Cornish KM, Lockley SW.
Autism Res. 2018 Feb;11(2):391-403.
PubMed - Law-based arguments and messages to advocate for later school start time policies in the United States.
Lee CJ, Nolan DM, Lockley SW, Pattison B.
Sleep Health. 2017 Dec;3(6):486-497.
PubMed - Behaviorally-determined sleep phenotypes are robustly associated with adaptive functioning in individuals with low functioning autism.
Cohen S, Fulcher BD, Rajaratnam SMW, Conduit R, Sullivan JP, Hilaire MAS, Phillips AJ, Loddenkemper T, Kothare SV, McConnell K, Ahearn W, Braga-Kenyon P, Shlesinger A, Potter J, Bird F, Cornish KM, Lockley SW.
Sci Rep. 2017 Oct 27;7(1):14228.
PubMed - Circadian Phase and Phase Angle Disorders in Primary Insomnia.
Flynn-Evans EE, Shekleton JA, Miller B, Epstein LJ, Kirsch D, Brogna LA, Burke LM, Bremer E, Murray JM, Gehrman P, Rajaratnam SMW, Lockley SW.
Sleep. 2017 Dec 1;40(12).
PubMed - Randomized controlled trial of the efficacy of a blue-enriched light intervention to improve alertness and performance in night shift workers.
Sletten TL, Ftouni S, Nicholas CL, Magee M, Grunstein RR, Ferguson S, Kennaway DJ, O'Brien D, Lockley SW, Rajaratnam SMW.
Occup Environ Med. 2017 Nov;74(11):792-801.
PubMed - Irregular sleep/wake patterns are associated with poorer academic performance and delayed circadian and sleep/wake timing.
Phillips AJK, Clerx WM, O'Brien CS, Sano A, Barger LK, Picard RW, Lockley SW, Klerman EB, Czeisler CA.
Sci Rep. 2017 Jun 12;7(1):3216.
PubMed - The effects of spectral tuning of evening ambient light on melatonin suppression, alertness and sleep.
Rahman SA, St Hilaire MA, Lockley SW.
Physiol Behav. 2017 Aug 1;177:221-229.
PubMed - Circadian phase resetting by a single short-duration light exposure.
Rahman SA, St Hilaire MA, Chang AM, Santhi N, Duffy JF, Kronauer RE, Czeisler CA, Lockley SW, Klerman EB.
JCI Insight. 2017 Apr 6;2(7):e89494.
PubMed - Prevalence of Circadian Misalignment and Its Association With Depressive Symptoms in Delayed Sleep Phase Disorder.
Murray JM, Sletten TL, Magee M, Gordon C, Lovato N, Bartlett DJ, Kennaway DJ, Lack LC, Grunstein RR, Lockley SW, Rajaratnam SM.
Sleep. 2017 Jan 1;40(1).
PubMed - Modeling Neurocognitive Decline and Recovery During Repeated Cycles of Extended Sleep and Chronic Sleep Deficiency.
St Hilaire MA, Rüger M, Fratelli F, Hull JT, Phillips AJ, Lockley SW.
Sleep. 2017 Jan 1;40(1):zsw009.
PubMed - Randomized, Prospective Study of the Impact of a Sleep Health Program on Firefighter Injury and Disability.
Sullivan JP, O'Brien CS, Barger LK, Rajaratnam SM, Czeisler CA, Lockley SW.
Sleep. 2017 Jan 1;40(1):zsw001.
PubMed - Corrigendum: Ocular exposure to blue-enriched light has an asymmetric influence on neural activity and spatial attention.
Newman DP, Lockley SW, Loughnane GM, Martins AC, Abe R, Zoratti MT, Kelly SP, O'Neill MH, Rajaratnam SM, O'Connell RG, Bellgrove MA.
Sci Rep. 2017 Mar 23;7:44958.
PubMed - Constraint is associated with earlier circadian phase and morningness: Confirmation of relationships between personality and circadian phase using a constant routine protocol.
Bullock B, Murray G, Anderson JL, Cooper-O'Neill T, Gooley JJ, Cain SW, Lockley SW.
Pers Individ Dif. 2017 Jan;104:69-74.
PubMed - Daytime Exposure to Short- and Medium-Wavelength Light Did Not Improve Alertness and Neurobehavioral Performance.
Segal AY, Sletten TL, Flynn-Evans EE, Lockley SW, Rajaratnam SM.
J Biol Rhythms. 2016 Oct;31(5):470-82.
PubMed - Pineal Gland Volume Assessed by MRI and Its Correlation with 6-Sulfatoxymelatonin Levels among Older Men.
Sigurdardottir LG, Markt SC, Sigurdsson S, Aspelund T, Fall K, Schernhammer E, Rider JR, Launer L, Harris T, Stampfer MJ, Gudnason V, Czeisler CA, Lockley SW, Valdimarsdottir UA, Mucci LA.
J Biol Rhythms. 2016 Oct;31(5):461-9.
PubMed - Sleep Propensity under Forced Desynchrony in a Model of Arousal State Dynamics.
Postnova S, Lockley SW, Robinson PA.
J Biol Rhythms. 2016 Oct;31(5):498-508.
PubMed - Ocular exposure to blue-enriched light has an asymmetric influence on neural activity and spatial attention.
Newman DP, Lockley SW, Loughnane GM, Martins AC, Abe R, Zoratti MT, Kelly SP, O'Neill MH, Rajaratnam SM, O'Connell RG, Bellgrove MA.
Sci Rep. 2016 Jun 13;6:27754.
PubMed - Circadian gene variants influence sleep and the sleep electroencephalogram in humans.
Chang AM, Bjonnes AC, Aeschbach D, Buxton OM, Gooley JJ, Anderson C, Van Reen E, Cain SW, Czeisler CA, Duffy JF, Lockley SW, Shea SA, Scheer FA, Saxena R.
Chronobiol Int. 2016;33(5):561-73.
PubMed - Associations between number of consecutive night shifts and impairment of neurobehavioral performance during a subsequent simulated night shift.
Magee M, Sletten TL, Ferguson SA, Grunstein RR, Anderson C, Kennaway DJ, Lockley SW, Rajaratnam SM.
Scand J Work Environ Health. 2016 May 1;42(3):217-27.
PubMed - Implementing a Sleep Health Education and Sleep Disorders Screening Program in Fire Departments: A Comparison of Methodology.
Barger LK, O'Brien CS, Rajaratnam SM, Qadri S, Sullivan JP, Wang W, Czeisler CA, Lockley SW.
J Occup Environ Med. 2016 Jun;58(6):601-9.
PubMed - A Pre-Screening Questionnaire to Predict Non-24-Hour Sleep-Wake Rhythm Disorder (N24HSWD) among the Blind.
Flynn-Evans EE, Lockley SW.
J Clin Sleep Med. 2016 May 15;12(5):703-10.
PubMed - Impact of Common Diabetes Risk Variant in MTNR1B on Sleep, Circadian, and Melatonin Physiology.
Lane JM, Chang AM, Bjonnes AC, Aeschbach D, Anderson C, Cade BE, Cain SW, Czeisler CA, Gharib SA, Gooley JJ, Gottlieb DJ, Grant SF, Klerman EB, Lauderdale DS, Lockley SW, Munch M, Patel S, Punjabi NM, Rajaratnam SM, Rueger M, St Hilaire MA, Santhi N, Scheuermaier K, Van Reen E, Zee PC, Shea SA, Duffy JF, Buxton OM, Redline S, Scheer FA, Saxena R.
Diabetes. 2016 Jun;65(6):1741-51.
PubMed - Sleep Duration and Disruption and Prostate Cancer Risk: a 23-Year Prospective Study.
Markt SC, Flynn-Evans EE, Valdimarsdottir UA, Sigurdardottir LG, Tamimi RM, Batista JL, Haneuse S, Lockley SW, Stampfer M, Wilson KM, Czeisler CA, Rider JR, Mucci LA.
Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev. 2016 Feb;25(2):302-8.
PubMed - Non-24-Hour Sleep-Wake Rhythm Disorder in Sighted and Blind Patients.
Uchiyama M, Lockley SW.
Sleep Med Clin. 2015 Dec;10(4):495-516.
PubMed - Tasimelteon for non-24-hour sleep-wake disorder in totally blind people (SET and RESET): two multicentre, randomised, double-masked, placebo-controlled phase 3 trials.
Lockley SW, Dressman MA, Licamele L, Xiao C, Fisher DM, Flynn-Evans EE, Hull JT, Torres R, Lavedan C, Polymeropoulos MH.
Lancet. 2015 Oct 31;386(10005):1754-64.
PubMed - Ocular Measures of Sleepiness Are Increased in Night Shift Workers Undergoing a Simulated Night Shift Near the Peak Time of the 6-Sulfatoxymelatonin Rhythm.
Ftouni S, Sletten TL, Nicholas CL, Kennaway DJ, Lockley SW, Rajaratnam SM.
J Clin Sleep Med. 2015 Oct 15;11(10):1131-41.
PubMed - Inter-Individual Differences in Neurobehavioural Impairment following Sleep Restriction Are Associated with Circadian Rhythm Phase.
Sletten TL, Segal AY, Flynn-Evans EE, Lockley SW, Rajaratnam SM.
PLoS One. 2015 Jun 4;10(6):e0128273.
PubMed - Caffeine does not entrain the circadian clock but improves daytime alertness in blind patients with non-24-hour rhythms.
St Hilaire MA, Lockley SW.
Sleep Med. 2015 Jun;16(6):800-4.
PubMed - Common sleep disorders increase risk of motor vehicle crashes and adverse health outcomes in firefighters.
Barger LK, Rajaratnam SM, Wang W, O'Brien CS, Sullivan JP, Qadri S, Lockley SW, Czeisler CA.
J Clin Sleep Med. 2015 Mar 15;11(3):233-40.
PubMed - The relationship between sleep and behavior in autism spectrum disorder (ASD): a review.
Cohen S, Conduit R, Lockley SW, Rajaratnam SM, Cornish KM.
J Neurodev Disord. 2014;6(1):44.
PubMed - Endogenous circadian regulation of pro-inflammatory cytokines and chemokines in the presence of bacterial lipopolysaccharide in humans.
Rahman SA, Castanon-Cervantes O, Scheer FA, Shea SA, Czeisler CA, Davidson AJ, Lockley SW.
Brain Behav Immun. 2015 Jul;47:4-13.
PubMed - Circadian clock genes and risk of fatal prostate cancer.
Markt SC, Valdimarsdottir UA, Shui IM, Sigurdardottir LG, Rider JR, Tamimi RM, Batista JL, Haneuse S, Flynn-Evans E, Lockley SW, Czeisler CA, Stampfer MJ, Launer L, Harris T, Smith AV, Gudnason V, Lindstrom S, Kraft P, Mucci LA.
Cancer Causes Control. 2015 Jan;26(1):25-33.
PubMed - Urinary melatonin levels, sleep disruption, and risk of prostate cancer in elderly men.
Sigurdardottir LG, Markt SC, Rider JR, Haneuse S, Fall K, Schernhammer ES, Tamimi RM, Flynn-Evans E, Batista JL, Launer L, Harris T, Aspelund T, Stampfer MJ, Gudnason V, Czeisler CA, Lockley SW, Valdimarsdottir UA, Mucci LA.
Eur Urol. 2015 Feb;67(2):191-4.
PubMed - Circadian Rhythm Disorders and Melatonin Production in 127 Blind Women with and without Light Perception.
Flynn-Evans EE, Tabandeh H, Skene DJ, Lockley SW.
J Biol Rhythms. 2014 Jun;29(3):215-224.
PubMed - Breast cancer and circadian disruption from electric lighting in the modern world.
Stevens RG, Brainard GC, Blask DE, Lockley SW, Motta ME.
CA Cancer J Clin. 2014 May-Jun;64(3):207-18.
PubMed - Diurnal spectral sensitivity of the acute alerting effects of light.
Rahman SA, Flynn-Evans EE, Aeschbach D, Brainard GC, Czeisler CA, Lockley SW.
Sleep. 2014 Feb 1;37(2):271-81.
PubMed - Neurobehavioral performance impairment in insomnia: relationships with self-reported sleep and daytime functioning.
Shekleton JA, Flynn-Evans EE, Miller B, Epstein LJ, Kirsch D, Brogna LA, Burke LM, Bremer E, Murray JM, Gehrman P, Lockley SW, Rajaratnam SM.
Sleep. 2014 Jan 1;37(1):107-16.
PubMed - Temporal dynamics of ocular indicators of sleepiness across sleep restriction.
Ftouni S, Rahman SA, Crowley KE, Anderson C, Rajaratnam SM, Lockley SW.
J Biol Rhythms. 2013 Dec;28(6):412-24.
PubMed - Measuring and using light in the melanopsin age.
Lucas RJ, Peirson SN, Berson DM, Brown TM, Cooper HM, Czeisler CA, Figueiro MG, Gamlin PD, Lockley SW, O'Hagan JB, Price LL, Provencio I, Skene DJ, Brainard GC.
Trends Neurosci. 2014 Jan;37(1):1-9.
PubMed - Randomized controlled trial of light therapy for fatigue following traumatic brain injury.
Sinclair KL, Ponsford JL, Taffe J, Lockley SW, Rajaratnam SM.
Neurorehabil Neural Repair. 2014 May;28(4):303-13.
PubMed - Adverse health effects of nighttime lighting: comments on American Medical Association policy statement.
Stevens RG, Brainard GC, Blask DE, Lockley SW, Motta ME.
Am J Prev Med. 2013 Sep;45(3):343-6.
PubMed - Shiftwork and prostate-specific antigen in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey.
Flynn-Evans EE, Mucci L, Stevens RG, Lockley SW.
J Natl Cancer Inst. 2013 Sep 4;105(17):1292-7.
PubMed - Blue light stimulates cognitive brain activity in visually blind individuals.
Vandewalle G, Collignon O, Hull JT, Daneault V, Albouy G, Lepore F, Phillips C, Doyon J, Czeisler CA, Dumont M, Lockley SW, Carrier J.
J Cogn Neurosci. 2013 Dec;25(12):2072-85.
PubMed - Sleep disruption among older men and risk of prostate cancer.
Sigurdardottir LG, Valdimarsdottir UA, Mucci LA, Fall K, Rider JR, Schernhammer E, Czeisler CA, Launer L, Harris T, Stampfer MJ, Gudnason V, Lockley SW.
Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev. 2013 May;22(5):872-9.
PubMed - Improved neurobehavioral performance during the wake maintenance zone.
Shekleton JA, Rajaratnam SM, Gooley JJ, Van Reen E, Czeisler CA, Lockley SW.
J Clin Sleep Med. 2013 Apr 15;9(4):353-62.
PubMed - Evaluation of a single-channel nasal pressure device to assess obstructive sleep apnea risk in laboratory and home environments.
Crowley KE, Rajaratnam SM, Shea SA, Epstein LJ, Czeisler CA, Lockley SW.
J Clin Sleep Med. 2013 Feb 1;9(2):109-16.
PubMed - Human phase response curve to a single 6.5 h pulse of short-wavelength light.
Rüger M, St Hilaire MA, Brainard GC, Khalsa SB, Kronauer RE, Czeisler CA, Lockley SW.
J Physiol. 2013 Jan 1;591(1):353-63.
PubMed - Melanopsin and rod-cone photoreceptors play different roles in mediating pupillary light responses during exposure to continuous light in humans.
Gooley JJ, Ho Mien I, St Hilaire MA, Yeo SC, Chua EC, van Reen E, Hanley CJ, Hull JT, Czeisler CA, Lockley SW.
J Neurosci. 2012 Oct 10;32(41):14242-53.
PubMed - Learning to live on a Mars day: fatigue countermeasures during the Phoenix Mars Lander mission.
Barger LK, Sullivan JP, Vincent AS, Fiedler ER, McKenna LM, Flynn-Evans EE, Gilliland K, Sipes WE, Smith PH, Brainard GC, Lockley SW.
Sleep. 2012 Oct 1;35(10):1423-35.
PubMed - Classifying performance impairment in response to sleep loss using pattern recognition algorithms on single session testing.
St Hilaire MA, Sullivan JP, Anderson C, Cohen DA, Barger LK, Lockley SW, Klerman EB.
Accid Anal Prev. 2013 Jan;50:992-1002.
PubMed - Objective and subjective measures of sleepiness, and their associations with on-road driving events in shift workers.
Ftouni S, Sletten TL, Howard M, Anderson C, Lenné MG, Lockley SW, Rajaratnam SM.
J Sleep Res. 2013 Feb;22(1):58-69.
PubMed - Deterioration of neurobehavioral performance in resident physicians during repeated exposure to extended duration work shifts.
Anderson C, Sullivan JP, Flynn-Evans EE, Cade BE, Czeisler CA, Lockley SW.
Sleep. 2012 Aug 1;35(8):1137-46.
PubMed - Circadian disruption, sleep loss, and prostate cancer risk: a systematic review of epidemiologic studies.
Sigurdardottir LG, Valdimarsdottir UA, Fall K, Rider JR, Lockley SW, Schernhammer E, Mucci LA.
Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev. 2012 Jul;21(7):1002-11.
PubMed - Human phase response curve to a 1 h pulse of bright white light.
St Hilaire MA, Gooley JJ, Khalsa SB, Kronauer RE, Czeisler CA, Lockley SW.
J Physiol. 2012 Jul 1;590(13):3035-45.
PubMed - Human responses to bright light of different durations.
Chang AM, Santhi N, St Hilaire M, Gronfier C, Bradstreet DS, Duffy JF, Lockley SW, Kronauer RE, Czeisler CA.
J Physiol. 2012 Jul 1;590(13):3103-12.
PubMed - Analysis method and experimental conditions affect computed circadian phase from melatonin data.
Klerman H, St Hilaire MA, Kronauer RE, Gooley JJ, Gronfier C, Hull JT, Lockley SW, Santhi N, Wang W, Klerman EB.
PLoS One. 2012;7(4):e33836.
PubMed - Sleep disorders, health, and safety in police officers.
Rajaratnam SM, Barger LK, Lockley SW, Shea SA, Wang W, Landrigan CP, O'Brien CS, Qadri S, Sullivan JP, Cade BE, Epstein LJ, White DP, Czeisler CA.
JAMA. 2011 Dec 21;306(23):2567-78.
PubMed - Validation of a light questionnaire with real-life photopic illuminance measurements: the Harvard Light Exposure Assessment questionnaire.
Bajaj A, Rosner B, Lockley SW, Schernhammer ES.
Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev. 2011 Jul;20(7):1341-9.
PubMed - Chronobiology of epilepsy: diagnostic and therapeutic implications of chrono-epileptology.
Loddenkemper T, Lockley SW, Kaleyias J, Kothare SV.
J Clin Neurophysiol. 2011 Apr;28(2):146-53.
PubMed - Exposure to room light before bedtime suppresses melatonin onset and shortens melatonin duration in humans.
Gooley JJ, Chamberlain K, Smith KA, Khalsa SB, Rajaratnam SM, Van Reen E, Zeitzer JM, Czeisler CA, Lockley SW.
J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2011 Mar;96(3):E463-72.
PubMed - Timing of sleep and its relationship with the endogenous melatonin rhythm.
Sletten TL, Vincenzi S, Redman JR, Lockley SW, Rajaratnam SM.
Front Neurol. 2010 Nov 1;1:137.
PubMed - The physiological period length of the human circadian clock in vivo is directly proportional to period in human fibroblasts.
Pagani L, Semenova EA, Moriggi E, Revell VL, Hack LM, Lockley SW, Arendt J, Skene DJ, Meier F, Izakovic J, Wirz-Justice A, Cajochen C, Sergeeva OJ, Cheresiz SV, Danilenko KV, Eckert A, Brown SA.
PLoS One. 2010 Oct 15;5(10):e13376.
PubMed - Does simulator-based clinical performance correlate with actual hospital behavior? The effect of extended work hours on patient care provided by medical interns.
Gordon JA, Alexander EK, Lockley SW, Flynn-Evans E, Venkatan SK, Landrigan CP, Czeisler CA.
Acad Med. 2010 Oct;85(10):1583-8.
PubMed - Acute effects of bright light exposure on cortisol levels.
Jung CM, Khalsa SB, Scheer FA, Cajochen C, Lockley SW, Czeisler CA, Wright KP Jr.
J Biol Rhythms. 2010 Jun;25(3):208-16.
PubMed - Spectral responses of the human circadian system depend on the irradiance and duration of exposure to light.
Gooley JJ, Rajaratnam SM, Brainard GC, Kronauer RE, Czeisler CA, Lockley SW.
Sci Transl Med. 2010 May 12;2(31):31ra33.
PubMed - Effect of light perception on menarche in blind women.
Flynn-Evans EE, Stevens RG, Tabandeh H, Schernhammer ES, Lockley SW.
Ophthalmic Epidemiol. 2009 Jul-Aug;16(4):243-8.
PubMed - Total visual blindness is protective against breast cancer.
Flynn-Evans EE, Stevens RG, Tabandeh H, Schernhammer ES, Lockley SW.
Cancer Causes Control. 2009 Nov;20(9):1753-6.
PubMed - Use of transdermal melatonin delivery to improve sleep maintenance during daytime.
Aeschbach D, Lockyer BJ, Dijk DJ, Lockley SW, Nuwayser ES, Nichols LD, Czeisler CA.
Clin Pharmacol Ther. 2009 Oct;86(4):378-82.
PubMed - Cappuccio response to correspondence.
Cappuccio FP, Lockley SW, Landrigan CP.
QJM. 2009 May;102(5):363-4.
PubMed - Neurobehavioral, health, and safety consequences associated with shift work in safety-sensitive professions.
Barger LK, Lockley SW, Rajaratnam SM, Landrigan CP.
Curr Neurol Neurosci Rep. 2009 Mar;9(2):155-64.
PubMed - Lux vs. wavelength in light treatment of Seasonal Affective Disorder.
Anderson JL, Glod CA, Dai J, Cao Y, Lockley SW.
Acta Psychiatr Scand. 2009 Sep;120(3):203-12.
PubMed - Implementing a 48 h EWTD-compliant rota for junior doctors in the UK does not compromise patients' safety: assessor-blind pilot comparison.
Cappuccio FP, Bakewell A, Taggart FM, Ward G, Ji C, Sullivan JP, Edmunds M, Pounder R, Landrigan CP, Lockley SW, Peile E.
QJM. 2009 Apr;102(4):271-82.
PubMed - Alertness, mood and performance rhythm disturbances associated with circadian sleep disorders in the blind.
Lockley SW, Dijk DJ, Kosti O, Skene DJ, Arendt J.
J Sleep Res. 2008 Jun;17(2):207-16.
PubMed - Effective implementation of work-hour limits and systemic improvements.
Landrigan CP, Czeisler CA, Barger LK, Ayas NT, Rothschild JM, Lockley SW.
Jt Comm J Qual Patient Saf. 2007 Nov;33(11 Suppl):19-29.
PubMed - Effects of health care provider work hours and sleep deprivation on safety and performance.
Lockley SW, Barger LK, Ayas NT, Rothschild JM, Czeisler CA, Landrigan CP.
Jt Comm J Qual Patient Saf. 2007 Nov;33(11 Suppl):7-18.
PubMed - Short-wavelength light sensitivity of circadian, pupillary, and visual awareness in humans lacking an outer retina.
Zaidi FH, Hull JT, Peirson SN, Wulff K, Aeschbach D, Gooley JJ, Brainard GC, Gregory-Evans K, Rizzo JF 3rd, Czeisler CA, Foster RG, Moseley MJ, Lockley SW.
Curr Biol. 2007 Dec 18;17(24):2122-8.
PubMed - Plasma melatonin rhythms in young and older humans during sleep, sleep deprivation, and wake.
Zeitzer JM, Duffy JF, Lockley SW, Dijk DJ, Czeisler CA.
Sleep. 2007 Nov;30(11):1437-43.
PubMed - Visual impairment and circadian rhythm disorders.
Lockley SW, Arendt J, Skene DJ.
Dialogues Clin Neurosci. 2007;9(3):301-14.
PubMed - Meeting report: the role of environmental lighting and circadian disruption in cancer and other diseases.
Stevens RG, Blask DE, Brainard GC, Hansen J, Lockley SW, Provencio I, Rea MS, Reinlib L.
Environ Health Perspect. 2007 Sep;115(9):1357-62.
PubMed - Safety considerations for the use of blue-light blocking glasses in shift-workers.
Lockley SW.
J Pineal Res. 2007 Mar;42(2):210-1.
PubMed - Circadian photoreception: spotlight on the brain.
Lockley SW, Gooley JJ.
Curr Biol. 2006 Sep 19;16(18):R795-7.
PubMed - When policy meets physiology: the challenge of reducing resident work hours.
Lockley SW, Landrigan CP, Barger LK, Czeisler CA.
Clin Orthop Relat Res. 2006 Aug;449:116-27.
PubMed - Short-wavelength sensitivity for the direct effects of light on alertness, vigilance, and the waking electroencephalogram in humans.
Lockley SW, Evans EE, Scheer FA, Brainard GC, Czeisler CA, Aeschbach D.
Sleep. 2006 Feb;29(2):161-8.
PubMed - Timed melatonin treatment for delayed sleep phase syndrome: the importance of knowing circadian phase.
Lockley SW.
Sleep. 2005 Oct;28(10):1214-6.
PubMed - Effect of intern's consecutive work hours on safety, medical education and professionalism.
Landrigan CP, Lockley SW, Czeisler CA.
Crit Care. 2005 Oct 5;9(5):528-30.
PubMed - The Critical Care Safety Study: The incidence and nature of adverse events and serious medical errors in intensive care.
Rothschild JM, Landrigan CP, Cronin JW, Kaushal R, Lockley SW, Burdick E, Stone PH, Lilly CM, Katz JT, Czeisler CA, Bates DW.
Crit Care Med. 2005 Aug;33(8):1694-700.
PubMed - Effect of reducing interns' work hours on serious medical errors in intensive care units.
Landrigan CP, Rothschild JM, Cronin JW, Kaushal R, Burdick E, Katz JT, Lilly CM, Stone PH, Lockley SW, Bates DW, Czeisler CA.
N Engl J Med. 2004 Oct 28;351(18):1838-48.
PubMed - Effect of reducing interns' weekly work hours on sleep and attentional failures.
Lockley SW, Cronin JW, Evans EE, Cade BE, Lee CJ, Landrigan CP, Rothschild JM, Katz JT, Lilly CM, Stone PH, Aeschbach D, Czeisler CA.
N Engl J Med. 2004 Oct 28;351(18):1829-37.
PubMed - The effects of low-dose 0.5-mg melatonin on the free-running circadian rhythms of blind subjects.
Hack LM, Lockley SW, Arendt J, Skene DJ.
J Biol Rhythms. 2003 Oct;18(5):420-9.
PubMed - High sensitivity of the human circadian melatonin rhythm to resetting by short wavelength light.
Lockley SW, Brainard GC, Czeisler CA.
J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2003 Sep;88(9):4502-5.
PubMed - The 3111 Clock gene polymorphism is not associated with sleep and circadian rhythmicity in phenotypically characterized human subjects.
Robilliard DL, Archer SN, Arendt J, Lockley SW, Hack LM, English J, Leger D, Smits MG, Williams A, Skene DJ, Von Schantz M.
J Sleep Res. 2002 Dec;11(4):305-12.
PubMed - Integration of human sleep-wake regulation and circadian rhythmicity.
Dijk DJ, Lockley SW.
J Appl Physiol (1985). 2002 Feb;92(2):852-62.
PubMed - Use of melatonin in the treatment of phase shift and sleep disorders.
Skene DJ, Lockley SW, Arendt J.
Adv Exp Med Biol. 1999;467:79-84.
PubMed - Melatonin administration can entrain the free-running circadian system of blind subjects.
Lockley SW, Skene DJ, James K, Thapan K, Wright J, Arendt J.
J Endocrinol. 2000 Jan;164(1):R1-6.
PubMed - Comparison between subjective and actigraphic measurement of sleep and sleep rhythms.
Lockley SW, Skene DJ, Arendt J.
J Sleep Res. 1999 Sep;8(3):175-83.
PubMed - Correlation between urinary cortisol and 6-sulphatoxymelatonin rhythms in field studies of blind subjects.
Skene DJ, Lockley SW, James K, Arendt J.
Clin Endocrinol (Oxf). 1999 Jun;50(6):715-9.
PubMed - Sleep and activity rhythms are related to circadian phase in the blind.
Lockley SW, Skene DJ, Butler LJ, Arendt J.
Sleep. 1999 Aug 1;22(5):616-23.
PubMed - Effects of light on human circadian rhythms.
Skene DJ, Lockley SW, Thapan K, Arendt J.
Reprod Nutr Dev. 1999 May-Jun;39(3):295-304.
PubMed - Melatonin in circadian sleep disorders in the blind.
Skene DJ, Lockley SW, Arendt J.
Biol Signals Recept. 1999 Jan-Apr;8(1-2):90-5.
PubMed - Disturbance of sleep in blindness.
Tabandeh H, Lockley SW, Buttery R, Skene DJ, Defrance R, Arendt J, Bird AC.
Am J Ophthalmol. 1998 Nov;126(5):707-12.
PubMed - Extraocular light exposure does not suppress plasma melatonin in humans.
Lockley SW, Skene DJ, Thapan K, English J, Ribeiro D, Haimov I, Hampton S, Middleton B, von Schantz M, Arendt J.
J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 1998 Sep;83(9):3369-72.
PubMed - Efficacy of melatonin treatment in jet lag, shift work, and blindness.
Arendt J, Skene DJ, Middleton B, Lockley SW, Deacon S.
J Biol Rhythms. 1997 Dec;12(6):604-17.
PubMed - Relationship between melatonin rhythms and visual loss in the blind.
Lockley SW, Skene DJ, Arendt J, Tabandeh H, Bird AC, Defrance R.
J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 1997 Nov;82(11):3763-70.
PubMed - Relationship between napping and melatonin in the blind.
Lockley SW, Skene DJ, Tabandeh H, Bird AC, Defrance R, Arendt J.
J Biol Rhythms. 1997 Feb;12(1):16-25.
PubMed
